Manuka Honey: What Does MGO Mean? Exploring the Sweet Science Behind the Buzz

Manuka honey, a unique and highly prized variety of honey, has garnered significant attention in recent years for its purported health benefits and distinctive properties. Central to understanding the potency and quality of Manuka honey is the term “MGO,” which stands for Methylglyoxal. This compound is a key factor in determining the antibacterial strength of Manuka honey, but its significance extends far beyond a simple acronym. In this article, we will delve into the science behind MGO, explore its implications for health, and discuss how it influences the market for Manuka honey.

The Origins of Manuka Honey

Manuka honey is produced by bees that pollinate the Manuka bush (Leptospermum scoparium), native to New Zealand and parts of Australia. Unlike regular honey, Manuka honey contains a unique set of compounds that contribute to its antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties. Among these compounds, Methylglyoxal (MGO) is the most studied and is considered a primary marker of the honey’s potency.

What is MGO?

Methylglyoxal (MGO) is an organic compound that occurs naturally in Manuka honey. It is formed from the conversion of dihydroxyacetone (DHA), a substance found in high concentrations in the nectar of Manuka flowers. The higher the concentration of MGO in the honey, the stronger its antibacterial properties. This is why MGO levels are often used as a grading system for Manuka honey, with higher MGO ratings indicating a more potent product.

The Science Behind MGO

The antibacterial properties of MGO are well-documented. Research has shown that MGO can inhibit the growth of a wide range of bacteria, including some that are resistant to antibiotics. This makes Manuka honey with high MGO levels particularly valuable in medical settings, where it is used for wound care, treating infections, and even in some cases of gastrointestinal disorders.

However, the benefits of MGO are not limited to its antibacterial effects. Studies have also suggested that MGO has anti-inflammatory properties, which can help reduce inflammation and promote healing. Additionally, MGO has been shown to have antioxidant effects, which can protect cells from damage caused by free radicals.

MGO and the Grading System

The MGO grading system is a way to quantify the potency of Manuka honey. The system measures the concentration of MGO in milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) of honey. For example, a jar of Manuka honey labeled “MGO 100+” contains at least 100 mg/kg of MGO. Higher MGO ratings, such as MGO 400+ or MGO 550+, indicate a more potent product with stronger antibacterial properties.

It’s important to note that while MGO is a key factor in determining the quality of Manuka honey, it is not the only one. Other factors, such as the Unique Manuka Factor (UMF), also play a role in assessing the honey’s overall quality and potency. The UMF rating takes into account not only MGO but also other compounds like leptosperin and DHA, providing a more comprehensive measure of the honey’s antibacterial strength.

Health Benefits of High-MGO Manuka Honey

The health benefits of high-MGO Manuka honey are vast and varied. Here are some of the most notable:

1. Wound Healing: Manuka honey with high MGO levels is often used in medical settings to treat wounds, burns, and ulcers. Its antibacterial properties help prevent infection, while its anti-inflammatory effects promote faster healing.

2. Digestive Health: Some studies suggest that Manuka honey can help with digestive issues such as acid reflux, gastritis, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The antibacterial properties of MGO may help reduce the growth of harmful bacteria in the gut, promoting a healthier digestive system.

3. Immune Support: The antibacterial and antiviral properties of MGO can help boost the immune system, making it easier for the body to fight off infections.

4. Skin Care: Manuka honey is often used in skincare products due to its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. It can help treat acne, eczema, and other skin conditions by reducing inflammation and preventing bacterial growth.

5. Oral Health: Some studies suggest that Manuka honey can help improve oral health by reducing plaque formation and preventing gum disease. The antibacterial properties of MGO can help kill harmful bacteria in the mouth, promoting healthier teeth and gums.

The Market for Manuka Honey

The demand for Manuka honey has skyrocketed in recent years, driven by its unique properties and health benefits. However, this has also led to issues with authenticity and quality control. Not all honey labeled as “Manuka” contains the same levels of MGO or other beneficial compounds. To ensure you’re getting a genuine product, it’s important to look for certifications such as the UMF rating or MGO grading on the label.

Conclusion

Manuka honey is a remarkable natural product with a wide range of health benefits, many of which are attributed to its high levels of MGO. Understanding what MGO means and how it contributes to the honey’s potency is key to making informed choices about which Manuka honey to purchase. Whether you’re using it for wound care, digestive health, or simply as a sweetener, high-MGO Manuka honey offers a unique combination of flavor and therapeutic benefits.

Related Q&A

Q: What is the difference between MGO and UMF? A: MGO measures the concentration of Methylglyoxal in Manuka honey, while UMF (Unique Manuka Factor) is a more comprehensive grading system that takes into account multiple compounds, including MGO, leptosperin, and DHA. Both are used to assess the potency and quality of Manuka honey.

Q: Can I use Manuka honey with low MGO for health benefits? A: While Manuka honey with lower MGO levels still offers some health benefits, higher MGO levels are associated with stronger antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. For specific medical applications, such as wound care, higher MGO levels are generally recommended.

Q: How should I store Manuka honey to maintain its potency? A: Manuka honey should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight. Proper storage helps maintain its potency and extends its shelf life. Avoid exposing it to high temperatures, as this can degrade its beneficial compounds.

Q: Is Manuka honey safe for everyone to consume? A: While Manuka honey is generally safe for most people, it should not be given to infants under one year of age due to the risk of botulism. Additionally, individuals with diabetes should consult their healthcare provider before consuming Manuka honey, as it can affect blood sugar levels.